Vitamin E

What it does

Mixed tocopherols (d-alpha, beta, gamma, and delta) — the natural balance of all four Vitamin E compounds, not the synthetic dl-alpha-tocopherol that dominated decades of supplement research and showed harm at high doses. At a moderate 200 IU dose, mixed tocopherols support cell membrane stability and antioxidant defence without crowding out gamma-tocopherol (the form most depleted by alpha-only supplements).

Key benefits

• Cell membrane antioxidant
• Cardiovascular support
• Skin and eye health
• Pairs with selenium

The evidence

Older trials with synthetic dl-alpha at high doses showed harm (HOPE-TOO, SELECT). Mixed tocopherols at moderate doses avoid those issues. Strongest case is for verified deficiency or alongside selenium for antioxidant support.